Maves v. Commissioner of Social Security Administration

          ORDER

          Douglas L. Rayes, United States District Judge

         Plaintiff Andrew Maves applied for supplemental security income, alleging disability beginning July 31, 2012. (A.R. 19.) The claim was denied initially on August 26, 2014, and upon reconsideration on December 3, 2014. (Id.) Plaintiff then requested a hearing. (Id.) On June 23, 2016, Plaintiff testified at a hearing before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ). (Id. at 38-57.) At the conclusion of the hearing, the ALJ ordered a psychological consultative examination. (Id. at 55.) A second hearing was held on December 6, 2016, at which Plaintiff and a vocational expert (VE) testified. (Id. at 58-90.)

         On January 12, 2017, the ALJ issued a written decision finding Plaintiff not disabled within the meaning of the Social Security Act (“Act”), which became the Commissioner's final decision when the Appeals Council denied review. (Id. at 1-3.) On February 26, 2018, Plaintiff sought review by this Court. (Doc. 1.) After receipt of the administrative record (Doc. 11), the parties fully briefed the issues for review (Docs. 15-16). For reasons stated below, the Court reverses the Commissioner's decision and remands for further proceedings.

         BACKGROUND

         To determine whether a claimant is disabled for purposes of the Act, the ALJ follows a five-step process. 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520(a). At the first step, the ALJ determines whether the claimant is engaging in substantial gainful activity. § 404.1520(a)(4)(i). If so, the claimant is not disabled and the inquiry ends. At step two, the ALJ determines whether the claimant has a “severe” medically determinable physical or mental impairment. § 404.1520(a)(4)(ii). If not, the claimant is not disabled and the inquiry ends. At step three, the ALJ considers whether the claimant's impairment or combination of impairments meets or medically equals an impairment listed in Appendix 1 to Subpart P of 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404. § 404.1520(a)(4)(iii). If so, the claimant is automatically found to be disabled. If not, the ALJ proceeds to step four. At step four, the ALJ assesses the claimant's residual functional capacity (RFC) and determines whether the claimant is still capable of performing past relevant work. § 404.1520(a)(4)(iv). If so, the claimant is not disabled and the inquiry ends. If not, the ALJ proceeds to the fifth and final step, where she determines whether the claimant can perform any other work based on the claimant's RFC, age, education, and work experience. § 404.1520(a)(4)(v). If so, the claimant is not disabled. If not, the claimant is disabled.

         At step one, the ALJ found that Plaintiff has not engaged in substantial gainful activity since his application. (A.R. 21.) At step two, the ALJ found that Plaintiff has the following severe impairments: depression and anxiety. (Id.) At step three, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff does not have an impairment or combination of impairments that meets or equals the severity of one of the listed impairments in Appendix 1 to Subpart P of 20 C.F.R. Pt. 404. (Id. at 22.) At step four, the ALJ found that Plaintiff:

has the [RFC] to perform a full range of work at all exertional levels but with the following nonexertional limitations: he has no limitation in his ability to understand, remember, and carry out simple instructions, but a mild limitation in his ability to make judgments on simple work-related decisions. Mild is defined as a slight limitation, but he is still able to function well. [He] is limited to unskilled work that can be learned on the job in 30 days or less . . . [h]e has a moderate limitation in his ability to interact appropriately with the public and coworkers. Moderate is defined as more than a slight limitation, but still able to function satisfactorily. Finally, he has a mild limitation in his ability to respond appropriately [to] usual work situations and changes in routine work setting.

(Id. at 23-24.) The ALJ also found that Plaintiff has no past relevant work. (Id. at 29.) At step five, however, after considering Plaintiff's age, education, work experience, and RFC, the ALJ concluded that there are jobs that exist in significant numbers in the national economy that Plaintiff can perform. (Id.) Accordingly, the ALJ found Plaintiff not disabled. (Id. at 30.)

         STANDARD OF REVIEW

         It is not the district court's role to review the ALJ's decision de novo or otherwise determine whether the claimant is disabled. Rather, the court is limited to reviewing the ALJ's decision to determine whether it “contains legal error or is not supported by substantial evidence.” Orn v. Astrue, 495 F.3d 625, 630 (9th Cir. 2007). Substantial evidence is more than a scintilla but less than a preponderance, and “such relevant evidence that a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Id. “Where evidence is susceptible to more than one rational interpretation, the ALJ's decision should be upheld.” Id. The court, however, “must consider the entire record as a whole and may not affirm simply by isolating a ‘specific quantum of supporting evidence.'” Id. Nor may the court “affirm the ALJ on a ground upon which he did not rely.” Id.

         DISCUSSION

         Plaintiff challenges whether the ALJ's RFC determination is supported by substantial evidence. Specifically, Plaintiff contends that the ALJ improperly weighed medical opinions, rejected his symptom testimony, and rejected the lay testimony of Plaintiff's grandfather.

         I. Medical Opinions

         Plaintiff argues that the ALJ improperly weighed the opinions of Drs. Warden and Teed. In weighing medical source opinions, the ALJ should distinguish between three different types of physicians: (1) treating physicians, who actually treat the claimant; (2) examining physicians, who examine but do not treat the claimant; and, (3) nonexamining physicians who neither treat nor examine the claimant. Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 821, 830 (9th Cir. 1995). The ALJ generally should give more weight to the opinion of a treating physician than to the opinion of an examining physician, and more weight to the opinion of an examining physician than to the opinion of a non-examining physician. Orn, 495 F.3d at 631; Sprague v. Bowen, 812 F.2d 1226, 1230 (9th Cir. 1987).

         Where a treating physician's opinion is not contradicted by another physician, it may be rejected only for “clear and convincing” reasons, and where it is contradicted, it still may not be rejected without “specific and legitimate reasons” supported by substantial evidence in the record. Lester, 81 F.3d at 830. Likewise, when an examining physician's opinion is not contradicted by another physician, it may only be rejected for “clear and convincing” reasons, and when an examining physician's opinion is contradicted by another physician, the ALJ is required to provide only “specific and legitimate reasons” to reject the opinion. Id. at 830-31. “An ALJ can satisfy the substantial evidence requirement by setting out a detailed and thorough ...